FIELD MANUAL

HEADQUARTERS

No. 3-22.9 (FM 23-9)

DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY

WASHINGTON, DC, 24 APRIL 2003

FM 3-22.9

RIFLE MARKSMANSHIP
M16A1, M16A2/3, M16A4 and M4 CARBINE

Section

I.   Training Overview

1-1. Objectives

1-2. Training Strategy

1-3. Training Phases

Section

II.   Marksmanship Training Strategy

1-4. Mission-Essential Tasks

1-5. Training Assessment

1-6. Basic Program Implementation

1-7. Training the Trainer

1-8. Duties of the Instructor-Trainer

1-9. Trainer Certification Program

1-10. Qualification Training

1-11. Unit Live-Fire Exercises

1-12. Commander's Evaluation Guide

2-1. Characteristics

2-2. Rail Adapter System

2-3. Rail Grabbers and MILES Training Extender

2-4. Backup Iron Sight

2-5. M68, Close-Combat Optic

2-6. AN/PAQ-4B/C Infrared Aiming Light

2-7. AN/PEQ-2A Target Pointer/Illuminator/Aiming Light

2-8. AN/PAS-13 (V2) Medium Thermal Weapon Sight and AN/PAS-13 (V3)
Heavy Thermal Weapon Sight

2-9. AN/PVS-4 Night Vision Sight

2-10. Borelight

2-11. Ammunition Types and Characteristics

3-1. Stoppages

3-2. Malfunctions

3-3. Destruction Procedures

Section

I.   Introduction to Basic Rifle Marksmanship and Mechanical Training

4-1. Clearing

4-2. Cycles of Functioning

4-3. Modes of Fire

4-4. Peer Coaching

Section

II.   Marksmanship Fundamentals I

4-5. The Four Fundamentals

4-6. Firing Positions

4-7. Training Devices and Exercises

Section

III.   Marksmanship Fundamentals II

4-8. Weaponeer

4-9. Engagement Skills Trainer 2000 (EST 2000)

5-1. Grouping Procedures

5-2. Zeroing Procedures

5-3. Known-Distance Range (With or Without LOMAH)

5-4. Effects of Wind and Gravity

5-5. Ballistics

Section

I.   Target Detection

6-1. Locating Targets

6-2. Marking Targets

6-3. Range Determination

Section

II.   Field-Fire Training (Single Timed Targets and Multiple Timed Targets)

6-4. Conduct of Field-Fire Range

6-5. Field-Fire Standards

Section

III.   Record Qualification

6-6. Practice Record Fire I and II

6-7. Practice Record Fire Standards

6-8. Record Fire

6-9. Alternate Qualification Courses

Section

I.   Advanced Firing Positions

7-1. Alternate Prone Firing Position

7-2. Kneeling Supported Firing Position

7-3. Kneeling Unsupported Firing Position

7-4. Standing Firing Position

7-5. Modified Supported Firing Position

7-6. Urban Operations Firing Positions

7-7. Modified Automatic and Burst Fire Position

Section

II.   Combat Fire Techniques

7-8. Rapid Semiautomatic Fire

7-9. Automatic or Burst Fire

7-10. Suppressive Fire

7-11. Quick Fire

Section

III.   Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical Firing

7-12. MOPP Equipment Fire Training

7-13. NBC Dry-Fire and Live-Fire Exercises

Section

IV.   Night Fire Training

7-14. Unassisted Night Fire Training

7-15. Unassisted Night Fire Target Detection

7-16. Training with Artificial Illumination

7-17. Unassisted Night Dry-Fire and Live-Fire Exercises

Section

V.   Moving Target Engagement

7-18. Moving Target Fundamentals

7-19. Single-Lead Rule for Moving Targets

7-20. Moving Target Live-Fire Exercise

7-21. Moving Target Techniques

Section

VI.   Short-Range Marksmanship Training

7-22. Conduct of Short-Range Marksmanship Training

7-23. Fundamentals of Short-Range Marksmanship

7-24. Preliminary Marksmanship Instruction

7-25. Phase I, Reflexive Fire Training

7-26. Phase II, Target Discrimination Training

7-27. Phase III, Short-Range Marksmanship Qualification

7-28. Phase IV, Shotgun and Automatic Firing Familiarization

Section

VII.   Squad Designated Marksman Training

7-29. Mission of the Squad Designated Marksman

7-30. Squad Designated Marksman Program

7-31. Squad Designated Marksman Skills Progression

8-1. Training Strategies and Qualification Standards

8-2. Borelight

8-3. Back-Up Iron Sight

8-4. M68, Close-Combat Optic

8-5. AN/PAS-13 (V2), (V3) Thermal Weapon Sight

8-6. AN/PAQ-4B/C and AN/PEQ-2A, Infrared Aiming Lasers

8-7. AN/PVS-4 Night Vision Device

DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.